With second anniversary of appearance of the IBK

the edition have congratulated:

Alik ПILGRAM (USA)

Andris LAVINSH (Latvia)

Anna KOBETS (Belarus)

Anton MARCHUK (Ukraine)

Arturas PETERS (Lithuania)

Bozhena VONDRACHKOVA (Czechia)

Valentine TRUBACH (Australia)

Valentina KULIK (Belarus)

Veronika DEEVA (Belarus)

Vika TURGALEEVA (Germany)

Victor DRAGUN (Belarus)

Victor RUDENOK (Belarus)

Victoria KURKE (Estonia)

Victoria USS (Russia)

Вintsuk LAMEJKA (Lithuania)

Virginia HMELJAUSKAJTE (Lithuania)

Вitovt JURCHIK (Great Britain)

Vladimir TSARIK (Belarus)

Joel KATONA (Canada)

Dmitry GULEGIN (Germany)

Elena NIKITJUK (Germany)

Zhanna FJODOROVA (Belarus)

Zbignev LINKEVICH (Poland)

Larissa MIROSHNICHENKO (Belarus)

Leonid MISKO (Kazakhstan)

Lyudmila TKACHENKO (Belarus)

Louise BOVER (Holland)

Maria SAPRONOVA (France)

Marysja JURCHIK (Great Britain)

Marek HOMCHEK (Poland)

Mikola SARAPENJA (Canada)

Mihas GUCHOK (Belgium)

Misha GOLDBERG (Israel)

Monica PELVERS (Holland)

Nikolay KORNILOVICH (Australia)

Petra BONEVA (Czechia)

Peter ROMANOVSKY (Poland)

Pjatras NORVAJSH (Lithuania)

Savely TITOV (Russia)

Semjon ROJZMAN (Israel)

Semjon FRIDZON (USA)

Sergey VALKOVICH (USA)

Sergey NEMEROVSKY (Ukraine)

Sofia BLIZNJUK (Ukraine)

Cheslav YURGELEVICHUS (Lithuania)

Alza STRAVINSON (Sweden)

Antony and Mary MEUS (France)

Jurate HMELJAUSKAJTE (Lithuania)

Jurgen STIULS (Sweden)

Jan BELYAVSKY (USA)

Janina TOMILCHIK (Belgium)

Janis TUMALIS (Latvia)

About sports! You are the world!

Alena GOLUB

Any civilized person for all life will not see more significant and grandiose event, than Olympic Games. A modern news media allow huge quantity of people to become as though the direct participant of this event, to experience and feel that uniform fertile spirit of all events on Olympic Games. Occurrence of Olympic Games concerns to the remote past. Ancient Greeks have created set of the fine legends telling about how these games have appeared. I shall not retell even most popular of these legends though they have the unique charm and logic substantiation. And I shall tell that, in my opinion, is the most real and is closer to true. So according to conclusive sources occurrence of Olympic Games concerns to IX century B.C. In those days heavy wars ruined the Greek states. Therefore Iphit - tsar Elidy, the small Greek state in which territory there was a city of Olympia - has gone in Del’phy to consult to the oracle as to him to save people from war and a robbery. Del’phy oracle, a prediction and which advice was considered infallible, has advised to Iphit: "It is necessary, that you have based Games, pleasing to gods!" Then Iphit has immediately gone on a meeting with powerful the neighbor - tsar of Sparta Likurg. Obviously, Iphit was good enough diplomat as Likurg has made the decision, that henceforth Elida should be recognized as the neutral state. And all small shattered states indefinitely struggling with each other, have agreed with this decision. And Iphit at once to prove the peaceful aspirations and to thank gods has founded athletic Games which should pass each four years in Olympia. From here also there was their name - Olympic Games. It was in 884 year B.C. So in Greece the custom on which time in four years in a heat of intestine wars all put the weapon aside was established and was sent to Olympia to admire with harmoniously advanced athletes and to glorify gods. Olympic Games became event national, united all Greece. While before and after them, Greece represented set of the isolated states conflicting among themselves. After a while to Greeks there has come idea to found a uniform calendar of Olympic Games. It has been solved to carry out Games of on a regular basis each four years "between a harvest and vintage". The Olympic holiday consisted of numerous religious ceremonies and sports meets, was carried out all over again within one day, then - within five days, and later duration of a holiday reached even the whole month. When the holiday proceeded only one day, it was usually arranged in the eighteenth day of "sacred month ", begin with the first full moon after summer solstice. The holiday repeated each four years which made "Olympiad" - the Greek Olympic year. In total so-called ancient Olympiads passed 293 times. Last ancient Olympiad has been lead in 393 year of our era. And since Olympic Games long time were not carried out. Games were not carried out until in 1894 in Sorbonne the International sports congress has not passed. On this congress the historical decision on revival of Olympic Games and carrying out of the First Olympiad in 1896 in Athens was accepted. Besides on the congress International Olympic committee (IOC) by which president Greek Demetrius Vikelas has been elected, and by the secretary general - Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin has been elected. The congress has ratified the Olympic charter developed by him, the arch of key rules and positions of the IOC. Subsequently Pierre de Coubertin became the author of an Olympic emblem, of some Olympic rituals, the text of the Olympic oath.

After resignation of Demetrius Vikelas in 1896 Pierre de Coubertin has been elected by president of the IOC. I should tell even a pair of words about this outstanding person. Pierre de Freddy, baron de Coubertin (1863-1937) was one of the most interesting, talented, vigorous and keen people of time. His name is forever connected to Olympic Games. And his idea to renew Games not at once has carried away all sporting world. Doubting and opponents at it was though taken away... Even more - sportsmen and sports figures who spoke, that generally business this good, but to be engaged in this good business did not want. Coubertin has traveled many countries of the world, argued, convinced, proved. He has written hundreds letters to the every possible sports organizations. New in those days, as well as now, it was perceived with the big work. However Coubertin spoke so convincingly and passionately, that the French sports figures have made the decision to call all the International sports congress and have invited to it representatives of the largest sports powers. Creation of the International Olympic committee and other decisions of the congress is there was a great victory of world sports, great feat of Pierre de Coubertin! Not so long ago in 2004 the world community solemnly also has festively noted 100-years anniversary of Olympic movement of the modernity, formation of the IOC. The United Nations Organization (United Nations) has declared this year International year of sports and an Olympic ideal. The supreme body of the world community has revived also ancient peace-making tradition: has called all states to observe an Olympic armistice. Main merit of Pierre de Coubertin that Olympus as Olympic movement, it is possible to imagine as a high and harmonious building. And at erection of this building Pierre de Coubertin was not only "construction superintendent", but also the main architect. His inspired ideas have underlain of Olympus. His main idea is that sports, the culture, a science, art have incorporated in a strong and fine alloy which should refer to as Olympic movement. This idea was carried out not at once. It had also opponents, it is especially when sports became a part of world politics when by means of records presidents and ministers began to prove each other, whose country is better. Times varied, and Olympic Games gradually began to turn to a solemn hymn to mankind and humanity! Pierre de Coubertin has devoted this all life! However to the hugest our regret it is necessary to ascertain, that recently historical Olympic ideals and ideals of Pierre de Coubertin are gradually buried in oblivion. But it is already other and serious enough conversation, dear readers of the IBK. For now let's stop all on our major note. Up to new meetings in the Internet, dear friends!

The word of the truth

will weigh down all world

Peter SILKO

Dear readers of the IBK on the night of August, 4 from intimate insufficiency in the age of 89 years the outstanding Russian writer, the Nobel Prize winner in the field of the literature Alexander Isaevich Solzhenitsyn has died. For me the life and Alexander Solzhenitsyn's creativity is a huge feat as the person personifying in boundless fidelity to the highest ideals of humanism, and the citizen hotly loving the Fatherland, Russia. And this feat Alexander Isaevich has helped millions people to see all over the world the true animal person of the most terrible in a history of mankind of the Soviet totalitarian mode. Alexander Isaevich has personified also the products honesty, truthfulness, fidelity and decency. He did not thirst for glory and did not search for itself for awards; he was simply a source of the truth and validity. He has devoted all life to aspiration to help people to begin people in full sense of understanding of this word. And all authorities did not favour him as the truth is not necessary for authorities, conscience is not necessary, honesty is not necessary. Dear friends on August, 4, 2008 Russia has lost the true son, the writer of a world scale. So we shall be true to all those ideals to which this Great Person was devoted! Alexander Isaevich Solzhenitsyn was born on December, 11, 1918 in Kislovodsk. In young years he was the convinced communist and within Great Domestic War served on advanced. But in 1945 of Captain Solzhenitsyn have arrested only that in the letter to the friend he has critically responded about Stalin. Seven years Solzhenitsyn has stayed in labor camp, and then three more years has lead in the reference in steppes of Kazakhstan. The suffering there became a basis for his early literary works which he firstly hid from an extraneous eye. He continued to write and after the termination of the reference when began to work as the mathematics teacher in Ryazan. In the first short story "One day from Ivan Denisovich's life" Solzhenitsyn has told about how the former military man of the Soviet Army tries not only to survive, but also to keep human advantage in camp of prisoners in Siberia. The story has been published with the consent of then Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev who tried to discredit a cult of personality of the predecessor, Joseph Stalin. The publication of this story has caused sensation, as in the Soviet Union, and abroad not only because it was the first literary work about Stalin terror but also because it has been penetrated with condemnation of all communistic system, and not just Stalinism. After in 1964 Nikita Khrushchev has been discharged of authority in the Kremlin by conservatives, Solzhenitsyn became object of prosecutions on the part of KGB. The further publication of his creativity in the USSR has been forbidden, however he managed to transfer secretly the works to the West. In 1970 the writer has been awarded with the Nobel Prize for «moral force from what he has continued primordial tradition of the Russian literature», however to receive the premium he has managed only in 1973 after authorities have deprived his with Soviet citizenship and have sent to the Western Germany. The same year in Paris was his novel "Archipelago GULAG" in which the author investigated a history of the Soviet repressive system is published. Appearing in exile, Alexander Solzhenitsyn has lodged in the USA in small town Kavendish in state Vermont. Here, together with the wife and sons, he has lead 18 years. Later the writer has named this period one of the most productive in the life. Here he has started to work above product which counted the most important in the literary creativity - the multivolume saga about a history of Bolshevist revolutions "Red wheel". Though, being in exile, he could give freely all himself to creativity, he was homesick. His some statements of that period in which he has criticized the West for inspirituality and unrestrained materialism, have caused ambiguous reaction in press. The novel "Red wheel" has been is cool met by literary criticism as overloaded with details and too much instructive. In opinion of some literary critics "Red wheel" have not enough uniform concept and moral pathos. The way home was again open to Solzhenitsyn after in 1990 the Soviet president Michael Gorbachyov has returned to him citizenship. When in May, 1994 the writer has arrived on the native ground; he has been enthusiastically met by compatriots. Solzhenitsyn has proceeded from the Far East through all the country, and has lodged in a country house in vicinities of the Russian capital on coast of the Moscow-river where he and has lived all stayed life. However his life after returning to Russia not in all has developed how it was expected. Communists still could not forgive to him his anti-soviet sights; his moral and intellectual authority has not been claimed by reformists. His weekly author's transfer on the main state telechannel has failed to win popularity and to render any appreciable influence on development of the country. In September, 2000 he has once again surprised the supporters and opponents, having acted with a positive estimation of activity of the then president of Russia Vladimir Putin in spite of the fact that that has promoted in KGB. However even in old age Alexander Solzhenitsyn was always ready to assert passionately human advantage and love to Fatherland. Alexander Solzhenitsyn's death has been met by grief, as in Russia, and abroad. Condolences in this connection sad event have expressed last president of the USSR Michael Gorbachyov who has noted, that Solzhenitsyn began one their first writers, «in all voice declared about brutality of a Stalin mode». The condolences to family of the writer were directed by the president of Russia Dmitry Medvedev and chairman of the government Vladimir Putin. The office of the chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel, evolved in East Germany, has published her statement in which role of Solzhenitsyn in destruction of communistic system is named deciding. The president of France Nikolya Sarkozi has declared, that Alexander Solzhenitsyn «has opened to all world of an eye on real essence of the Soviet system». According to the will, Alexander Solzhenitsyn is buried on a cemetery of the Don monastery in Moscow.

Peking-2008: the Belarusian days

Pavel HODOS

«About sports! You the world!» is a saying belongs to the ancestor of modern Olympic Games Pierre de Coubertin. These words Alena Golub also names the article published in same number of the IBK. In it is briefly told about a history of occurrence of Olympic Games and their basic ideals. And in this article I shall tell to you, dear readers, about the basic achievements of the Belarusian sportsmen on Olympiad of 2008. It is not less known is other saying: «The main thing is not a victory and participation» though it also does not belong to itself Coubertin, and belongs absolutely to other person. So who participated in Olympic Games which passed from August, 8 till August, 24 in Peking? Games of 2008 were carried out by 28 kinds of sports on which 302 complete sets of medals have been played. More than 10 thousand person participated in Olympic Games. The solemn and rather impressing holiday of closing of Games on which Belarus has won 19 awards has taken place in Sunday in the evening on August, 24 in Olympic stadium «Bird's jack». From them are 4 gold, 5 silver and 10 bronze medals. And this achievement now will be a reference point for the Belarusian athletes on the future Olympiad which will pass in four years in London. The basic result of summer Olympiad-2008 is those. I shall result only results for first tens the countries which have won the greatest quantity of awards. Places were awarded according to quantity of the won gold medals. But I for completeness of the information shall result also an equivalent of all won medals in points. The gold medal corresponds to 3 points, silvered - 2 points, and bronze -1 point. So, the first place was borrowed the China which collected 223 points and has won 100 medals (51 gold medals, 21 silvered and 28 bronze). The second place was borrowed the USA with 220 points which have won 110 medals (accordingly, 36, 38, 36); on the third place is Russia, it has borrowed 139 points, won 72 medals (23, 21, 28); the fourth place is at the Great Britain - 98 points, it won 47 medals (19,13,15); the fifth place is at Germany - 83 points, it won 41 medal (16,1015); the sixth place is at Australia - 89 points, which have won 46 medals (14, 15, 17); on the seventh place is South Korea - 67 points, it won 31 medal (13, 10, 8); the eighth place is at Japan - 49 points, it won 25 medals (9,6,10); the ninth place was borrowed with Italy - 54 points, it won 28 medals (8, 10, 10) and the tenth place is at France - 70 points, it won 40 medals (7, 16, 17). I shall note that the greatest quantity of all medals was won by sportsmen the USA. Belarus in the general offset has taken the sixteenth place. And all Olympic awards were won by representatives of 87 countries. If places in the general offset were awarded according to the typed points in the first four of changes would not be, and Australia, Italy and France could rise above. Especially France, from the tenth place would move on the seventh. For example, I personally think fairer to award places according to the typed points, instead of on the won gold medals. In fact in most cases only shares of instants, centimeters and so on separate winners from the second prize-winners. But it is only my opinion. And each country has the right to count a rating of the countries, participants of Olympic Games, by a technique which considers fair. There is even a technique when ratings are counted up according to quantity of the won awards per capita the countries-participants. In this case the first three in the general offset already would be made with other countries. So on the first place there would be Bahamas, one medal on 153 thousand people, on the second place there would be Jamaica, one medal on 254 thousand people, and on the third - Iceland, one medal on 304 thousand people. And to first ten would close Belarus, one medal on 509 thousand people. So how much gold Belarusian days were on Olympiad in Peking? In essence there were only such three days. You, certainly, dear readers, ask, and why supposedly three? In fact the Belarusian sportsmen have won four gold awards. And the matter is that almost right at the end of Olympiad there was a happy Friday for Belarus. This day there was a true sports miracle! Belarusian oarsmen within one and a half hours have received at once two complete sets of gold awards! In the beginning brothers Andrei and Alexander Bogdanovich on the canoe-two on a 1000-meter piece have gone to conquer a podium. Mogilevmen have carried out simply fantastic race and tremendous finishing spurt have pulled out gold medals at German crew! The triumph of brothers Bogdanovichs has inspired on sports feats our kayak-four on the same distance in structure of Vadim Mahnev, Roman Petrushenko, Alexei Abalmasov and Arthur Litvinchuk. And this crew is higher than any praises has carried out race and has entered the names in gold pages of Olympiads! And the first gold medal in the Belarus coin box was brought by weight-lifter Andrei Arjamnov who has established in passing also three world records. For the first time Andrei Arjamnov has declared itself in all voice in the world championship among juniors which passed in Minsk in 2004. Then the athlete from Borisov has confidently won competitions. Now to twenty years' weightlifter it is not present equal at the age. And last year Arjamnov on world championship among adults has outstripped already all skilled contenders in a weight category up to 105 kg and on Olympic Games he has already arrived one of favorites. The second gold medal has brought to Belarus by the thrower of hammer Oksana Menkova. Oksana before Games in Peking had no loud titles. The last year has taken only the third place on the Cup of Europe, this year already the truth began the first. But these competitions especially are not quoted. In the past world championship has made three unsuccessful attempts. For a wide range of amateurs of sports the name of the thrower was the unknown person. However experts highly estimated her Olympic chances. She has already arrived to Peking the leader of a world season, having a throw on 77,32 meters. And knowingly television cameramen before the beginning of competitions of the thrower of hammer frequently showed the high nice Belarusian girl. And they were not mistaken! Oksana Menkova has thrown hammer on 76,34 meters and has morally killed the competitors. Oksana Menkova has established a new Olympic record! Those were the Belarusian days in Peking! Up to new meetings in the Internet, dear friends!